Theses And Dissertations
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Item Humanitarian intervention in conflict management in Africa: selected case study analysis of Sudan and Lybya.(University of Fort Hare, 2015) Mururiwa, Tapiwa GladmoreThe study investigates the effectiveness of humanitarian intervention as a strategy in conflict management in Africa drawing from case studies in Sudan and Libya. The research utilized an interaction of both primary and secondary data sources. Primary sources used are African Union (AU) official reports, United Nations Security Council (UNSC) official reports as well as official International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS) reports. Secondary sources used include journal articles, newspapers, books and other online publications. Among others, the study found out that humanitarian intervention in Sudan by the AU from 2004 until 2006 lacked the capacity and political will to effectively manage the conflict. At the same time, an analysis of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization's (NATO) military intervention in Libya in 2011 reveals that Western-led interventions in Africa are often driven by geostrategic interests rather than the need to save people in danger.Item An appraisal of the impact of the intervention of the bretton woods institutions (IMF/WORLD BANK) on African Countries' Development: The experience of Kenya and Ghana(University of Fort Hare, 2010) Ngcingwana, XolisaAfrica's persistent underdevelopment has evoked wide range of research interest within the domain of political economy, and the fore-going study seeks to shed light and thus contributing to the ever growing yet daunting subject. The skewed economic relations within the international economic realm has, in particular, disadvantaged, and placed severe economic growth limitations in Sub-Saharan African countries. The external economic intervention by the IMF and World Bank through Structural adjustment programmes has as a result come under immense scrutiny as such programmes, to some considerable extent, impact on Africa's economic progress.Item An investigation into instability in post-Gadhafi Libya, mali and Nigeria: a comparative theoretical approach.(University of Fort Hare, 2016) Chindoga, MelodySince the ousting of Gaddafi from power in 2011, Libya, Mali and Nigeria have experienced high levels of instability. An investigation into the causes of instability is employed in the study to gain insights into the major cause of conflict in post-Gaddafi Libya, Mali and Nigeria. The study considered instability as a consequence of a combination of existing exogenous and endogenous factors which were examined according to various theoretical lenses. A comparative theoretical analysis was used so as to interpret and analyse data. The analysis was subjected to theoretical scrutiny according to four mainstream International Relations theories namely; realism, critical theory, constructivism and the “clash of civilizations” hypothesis, in order to determine whether they could effectively explain post-Gaddafi violence and instability. The research findings revealed that the distinction between internal and external variables is artificial and the various causes cannot be exclusively differentiated from one other. The research also identified constructivism as the best possible explanation of instability in the particular context under investigation, through its recognition of the significance of normative as well as material elements, and the emphasis placed on the role of identity and ideas in shaping political actions.Item Terrorism as a contributory factor to state failure in Somalia: a case study of al-Shabaab.(University of Fort Hare, 2016) Ndlovu, Sitembiso IreneThis study is an investigation of terrorism as a contributory factor to state failure in Somalia with specific reference to Al-Shabaab, using Huntington‟s Clash of Civilizations theory. It utilises both primary and secondary sources of data. The study found out that Somalia had been a failed state even before the birth of Al-Shabaab. However, the activities of Al-Shabaab perpetuated state failure in Somalia. These activities included bombings, small arms attacks, executions, siege, kidnappings, hijackings and looting. The study also found out that Al-Shabaab regularly conducted incursions in neighbouring countries and all these activities destabilised Somalia politically and perpetuated state failure. However, the study also found out that there were other factors that contributed to Somalia‟s state failure some of which were clan rivalry, civil war, warlordism, piracy, poverty and religion. Despite all these, the study noted that there were various actors involved in containing the terrorist activities of Al-Shabaab. These actors included the Transitional Federal Government, Kenya, the African Union, the United Nations and the United States. The study recommends that dialogue between the TFG, the clan structures and Al-Shabaab is the most viable path to sustainable peace in Somalia.