Phytochemical analyses and Brine shrimp (Artemia Salina) lethality studies on Syzygium cordatum

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dc.contributor.advisorOyedeji, Oen
dc.contributor.authorChiguvare, Herberten
dc.date.accessioned2026-08-12T23:53:32Z
dc.date.available2026-08-12T23:53:32Z
dc.date.issued2013en
dc.description.abstractSyzygium cordatum Hoscht ex. C Krauss, also known as water berry, is normally used by the people of South Africa for respiratory ailments including tuberculosis, stomach complaints, treatment of wounds and as emetics. An extract of the leaves can be used as a purgative for diarrhoea treatment. The leaves of Syzygium cordatum Myrtaceae were obtained from the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, air dried and sequential solvent extraction was done to obtain various non volatile crude extracts. The volatile extract, that is the essential oil was extracted from the leaves using hydrodistillation and analysis of compounds was done by GC/MS for composition. 32 compounds were obtained from the fresh leaves and 18 compounds were obtained from the dry leaves. The fresh oil contains caryophyllene (11.8 percent) and caryophyllene oxide (11.1 percent) as the main sesquiterpene component. α-Pinene(5.0 percent) was the only monoterpene compound identified in the fresh oil in substantial amount. The dry leaves oil had copanene (17.0 percent), β-Caryophellene (26.0 percent), cubenol (6.5 percent) and caryophellene oxide (14.2 percent) as the dominant constituent of the oil. Summary of the classes of compounds in the oil revealed that the chemical profile of both oils were dominated by sesquiterpenoid compounds. This is the first time that terpenoids compounds are being identified in both the fresh and dry leaf oil of S. cordatum. Hexane leaf extract was selected due to the interest in the terpenoid compounds. Column chromatography of the hexane crude gave five (5) of which two are fully reported. The isolates were fully elucidated using spectroscopic methods to be β-Sitosterol (HC3) and Friedela-3-one (HC1A/HC1D). Cytotoxicity analysis was carried out on the crude using the Brine shrimps assay. Isolates 1C and1D showed significant lethality using the brine shrimps assay with lethality values (LC50) of 4.105mg/ml for HC1C and 4.11mg/ml for 1D/1A respectively.en
dc.format90 leaves; 30 cmen
dc.formatpdfen
dc.identifier.citationChiguvare, Herbert. 2013en
dc.identifier.othervital:11336en
dc.identifier.otherhttp://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1004352en
dc.identifier.otherArtemiaen
dc.identifier.otherCrustaceaen
dc.identifier.otherChromatographic analysisen
dc.identifier.otherMedicinal plantsen
dc.identifier.otherEssences and essential oilsen
dc.identifier.otherTraditional medicineen
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11837/4577
dc.language.isoEnglishen
dc.publisherUniversity of Fort Hareen
dc.publisherFaculty of Science & Agricultureen
dc.rightsUniversity Of Fort Hareen
dc.subjectArtemiaen
dc.subjectCrustaceaen
dc.subjectChromatographic analysisen
dc.subjectMedicinal plantsen
dc.subjectEssences and essential oilsen
dc.subjectTraditional medicineen
dc.titlePhytochemical analyses and Brine shrimp (Artemia Salina) lethality studies on Syzygium cordatumen
dc.title.alternativePhytochemical analyses and Brine shrimp (Artemia Salina) lethality studies on Syzygium cordatumen
dc.typeThesisen
dc.typeMastersen
dc.typeMSc (Chemistry)en

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