The Potential of Antibiotics and Nanomaterial Combinations as Therapeutic Strategies in the Management of Multidrug-Resistant Infections: A Review
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Date
2022-11-30
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MDPI
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has become a major public health concern around the world. This
is exacerbated by the non-discovery of novel drugs, the development of resistance mechanisms in
most of the clinical isolates of bacteria, as well as recurring infections, hindering disease treatment
efficacy. In vitro data has shown that antibiotic combinations can be effective when microorganisms
are resistant to individual drugs. Recently, advances in the direction of combination therapy for the
treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections have embraced antibiotic combinations
and the use of nanoparticles conjugated with antibiotics. Nanoparticles (NPs) can penetrate the
cellular membrane of disease-causing organisms and obstruct essential molecular pathways, showing
unique antibacterial mechanisms. Combined with the optimal drugs, NPs have established synergy
and may assist in regulating the general threat of emergent bacterial resistance. This review comprises
a general overview of antibiotic combinations strategies for the treatment of microbial infections. The
potential of antibiotic combinations with NPs as new entrants in the antimicrobial therapy domain is
discussed.
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Citation
Adeniji, O.O.; Nontongana, N.; Okoh, J.C.; Okoh, A.I. The Potential of Antibiotics and Nanomaterial Combinations as Therapeutic Strategies in the Management of Multidrug-Resistant Infections: A Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 15038. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/ijms232315038